The effectiveness of mental mapping strategy in developing historical concepts, visual thinking and some habits of mind among fourth grade primary school students
Keywords:
Mental Maps, Historical Concepts, Visual Thinking, Habits Of Mind, Teaching History, Elementary School
Abstract
Abstract: The problem of research was determined in the "weakness of fourth grade students in learning historical concepts and skills of visual thinking and practice habits of mind because of the dependence of teaching history at the primary level on traditional methods based on the teacher's memorization and memorization by learners, and attention to the functions of the left half The brain, represented by logical and analytical and numerical processes, while neglecting the innovative, emotional and spatial processes, which are functions of the right hemisphere of the brain, resulting in the control of the left hemisphere in dealing with knowledge and Therefore, the research aimed to prepare two units of history curriculum for the fourth grade of primary according to the strategy of mental maps; The semi-experimental approach when building the two units according to the strategy of mental maps, and the preparation of research tools and field experimentation, and in the light of the interpretation of the results were reached recommendations and proposals, the most important of which are the following: Holding training courses for history teachers and mentors at the stage to train them on how to use mind maps in teaching history. To draw the attention of those who develop curricula by reviewing the planning and organization of the content of history books in the primary stage to include history books some models of mental maps and visual activities and educational tasks in accordance with the content of the study. And Preparation of guides for the teacher of social studies at the primary level; to help the teacher to teach history using mental maps.
Key Words: mental maps, historical concepts, visual thinking, habits of mind, teaching history, elementary school.
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References
Rferences:
• Ahmed, Naima Hassan, Abdul Karim, Sahar Mohammed (2001): the impact of mathematical logic and teaching visual-spatial entrance on patterns of learning and thinking and the development of spatial ability and the achievement of second-grade preparatory students in science, the fifth scientific conference, scientific education for citizenship, Egypt, (2) Pp. 525—577 (In Arabic).
• Ahmed, Osama Abdel-Rahman (2010): the effectiveness of a constructivist-based program using blended learning in teaching social studies on the development of geographic concepts, visual thinking and life skills of deaf students in the preparatory stage, Ph.D (In Arabic).
• Al-Binali, Adnanah (1996): The extent of the students of the preparatory stage of the concepts of social studies and its relationship with their gender and the geographical location of their schools and the experience of their teachers and the educational level of parents, Journal of Studies in Curricula and Teaching Methods, p 39 (In Arabic) .
• Al-Harthy, Ibrahim (2002): Mental habits and development among pupils, Riyadh, Al-Shuqri Library. (In Arabic).
• Al-Jabri, Amira Abdel-Hamid (2007): The relationship between the density of elements in illustrations and their backgrounds and the growth of visual perception of environmental concepts in preschool children, unpublished master thesis, Faculty of Education, Helwan University. (In Arabic).
• Al-Khazindar, Nayla Najeeb, Mahdi, Hassan Ribhi (2006): The Effectiveness of a Website on Visual and Organizational Thinking in Multimedia among Students of the Faculty of Education at Al-Aqsa University, Egyptian Association for Curricula and Teaching Methods, Eighteenth Scientific Conference Hospitality, Ain Shams University, 25: 26/7, pp. 621-645. (In Arabic).
• Anderson, O.R. (1997): Aneuro Cognitive Perspective of Current Learning Theory and Science Instructional Strategies, Science Education, 81, 67-89.
• Angelique, C. (2000): Problem Based Science Learning in a Mixed Ability Classroom that includes Gifted and Talented Children, M.S.U Tah-Stat University
• Aydin, A. B. (2009): Prepared Map and Concept Mind, Technolgically supported, the subjects of unit social and systems in our body by students, Procedia, Behavioral Sciences, 1(1) 2842.
• Baggett, P.V. (2009): Student Representation of Art Concepts through Mind Maps: University of South, Alabama, National Art Education Association, Ph.D., April 20.
• Bayer, Barry K. (1994): Investigation in Social StudiesStrategic Teaching, Translation by Sulaiman Mohammed Al-Jabr, Riyadh, Obeikan Library (In Arabic).
• Beyer, B. (2003): Improving Student Thinking, The Clearing House, 71(5) 262-267.
• Brown, H. D.(1989): Prhnciples of language learning and teaching, New Jersey, Prentice-hall.
• Buzan, T.(1994): The Mind Map Book How to use Radiant Thinking to Maximize Your Brains Untapped Potential, Dutton Book, Penguin Group.
• Buzan, T.(2000): Visual Thinking: Executive Power Tool of the 21 th Century, Innovation Tools Artcle-Visual Thinking, Executive Power Tool 4,htm.
• Buzan, Tony (2006a): Use your mind, translation of Jarir Bookstore, i 6, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony (2006b): Using Mind Maps at Work, Translation of Jarir Bookstore, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore (In Arabic).
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• Buzan, Tony (2008): How to draw a mind map, translation of Jarir Bookstore, 3rd floor, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony, Buzan, Barry (2010): Map of the Mind, translation of Jarir Bookstore, 6th Floor, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic). Busan, Tony (2009): Use your memory, translation of Jarir Bookstore, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic).
• Cambell, J. (2010): Theorizing Habits of Mind as a Framework for Learning, http://www.aare.edu.au106pap/cam06102.pdf.
• Chaill, M. & Fonteyn, M. (1998): Using Mind Mapping to Improve Students Metacognition (Book) Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professions, Joy Higgs, Mark A. Jones 217-220.
• Coll, R. et al. (2009): Scientists' Habits of Mind as Evidenced By the Interaction between their Science Training and Religious Beliefs, International Journal of Science Education, 31(6), 725-755.
• Coombs, C. P. (2001): Reflective Practice Developing Habits of Mind, Ph.D. Toronto Canada.
• Costa, A. & Kallick, B. (2000): Activating and Engaging Habits of Mind, Association for supervision and curriculum development, Alexandria, Virginia.
• Costa, A. (2001): Developing Minds: A Resource Book of Teaching Thinking, Third Edition, Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
• Costa, A. and Kallick, B. (2009): Habits of Mind Across the curriculum Practical and Creative Strategies for Teachers, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.A.
• Cunningham, G.E. (2005): Mind Mapping: its Effects on Student Achievement in high school Biology, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Texas, Ph.D., Austin UMI Number: 3215351 Proquest.
• Elise, M. et al.(1997): Promoting Social and Emotional learning, Alexandria, VA: Association for supervision and curriculum Development.
• Evrekli, E. et al. (2009): Mind Mapping Applications in Special Teaching Methods Courses for Science Teacher Candidates and Teacher Candidates Opinions Concerning the Applications, A Faculty of Buca Education, Dokuz Eylul University, turkey, January, 2274-2279. www.sciencedirect.com.
• Ganguly, I. (1995): Scientific thinking is in the Mind's Eye, Reports Evaluative, Speeches, Meeting Papers, ERIC ED391504.
• Goldenberg, E.P. (1996): Habits of Mind as an Organizer for the Curriculum, Journal of Education, 78(1).
• Hamada, Fayza Ahmed (2006): The use of educational computer games to develop the achievement and visual thinking in mathematics among primary school students, Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Qena, South Valley University, No. 22, January. (In Arabic).
• Hamada, Mohamed Mahmoud (2009): Effectiveness of Visual Thinking Networks in Developing Visual Thinking Skills and Ability to Solve and Solve Verbal Problems in Mathematics and Towards Solving them for Fifth Grade Students, Egyptian Association for Curriculum and Instruction, Studies in Curriculum and Instruction, No. 146, May. (In Arabic).
• Hamida, Fatima Ibrahim (1996): Social Objectives, Content and Teaching Strategies, Cairo, Egyptian Renaissance Library. (In Arabic).
• Hamida, Imam Mokhtar Hamida (1990): Using Time Charts in Developing the Concept of Time for First Preparatory Students, Journal of Studies in Curricula and Teaching Methods, Egyptian Association for Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, p. 8. (In Arabic).
• Hammad, Adel Rasmi, Ahmed, Ahmed Zarey, Swify, Mahmoud Anwar, Mohamed, Taher Mahmoud (2017): The Effectiveness of Animation-Based Program in Teaching History to Develop Visual Thinking Skills for Preparatory Students, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University, Vol. 33, No. 3, May, pp. 162--190. (In Arabic).
• Harkirat, S. et al. (2010): Constructivist-Visual Mind Map Teaching Approach and the Quality of Student's Cognitive Structures. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20(2), 186-200.
• Hassan, Mohamed Abdel Ghani (2007): Accelerated Learning Skills, Cairo, Dar Al Ketab Al Arabi. (In Arabic).
• Hossam El-Din, Laila Abdullah (2008): The Effectiveness of the Strategy of "Beginning, Response, Evaluation" in Developing the Achievement and Habits of Mind among First Grade Students in Science, Egyptian Society for Scientific Education, 12th Scientific Conference, Scientific Education and Social Reality, Influence And Impact, Guest House, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 2-4 / 8, pp. 1 - 40. (In Arabic).
• Hyerle, D. (1999): Visual Tools and Technologies, New York, Designs for Thinking.
• Ibrahim, Khairy (1996): Social subjects in the educational curricula between theory and practice, Alexandria, University of Knowledge (In Arabic).
• Ibrahim, Magdy Aziz (2002): Effective Teaching and Management Skills, Cairo, Anglo-Egyptian Library (In Arabic).
• Ismail, N. et al. (2010): The effects of Mind Mapping with Cooperative learning on programming performance Problem solving Skill and meta computer Science student's Journal of Educational Computing Research, 42(1) 35-61.
• Jawdat, Abdul Salam, Hilal, Mays Oraibi (2015): The Effectiveness of Mental Map Strategies and Self-Questioning in the Achievement of Fifth Grade Literary Students in the History of Modern and Contemporary Europe and America, Journal of the College of Basic Education for Educational and Human Sciences, No. 19, pp. 703-719 . (In Arabic).
• Jensen, E. (2000): Brain-Based Learning, Academic Press Inc., Alexandria Virginia.
• Jones, B. et al. (2012): The effects of Mind Mapping Activities on Student's Motivation' International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 6(1) 1-21.
• Khalaf, Yahia Attia (1991): The Effect of History Course in General Secondary School and Developed School on Students' Achievement of Historical Concepts in Saudi Arabia, Volumes of the Third Scientific Conference of the Egyptian Association for Curricula and Teaching Methods, Alexandria, Vol. 3. (In Arabic).
• Khalil, Ibrahim Fadel (2010): Introduction to General Teaching Methods, Dar Ibn Al Atheer, Iraq, Mosul. (In Arabic).
• Klausemier, H.J. & Sipple, T. (1980): Learning and Teaching Concepts, New York Academic Press, in Robert Marzano et al. ASCD, Virginia.
• Leonidas et al. (2007): Creativity Development in Engineering Education: The Case of Mind Mapping, Journal of Management Development, 26(4); 370- 380.
• Ling, L.L. (2006): Using a Computer-Based Multimedia Culture Mind Map as an Instructional Module for EFL Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary: the effect on Student Achievement-Among College Freshmen in Taiwa, Idaho State University, Proquest, AAT 3231710.
• Maeckelbergh, A.F. (2006): The Creation of an Organization Development Visual Reference Tool, doctoral of Education Unviersity of St. Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota, December, Proquest, UMI Number (3240303).
• Marzano, R.J. (2000): Transforming Classroom Grading, Alexandria, VA: ASC.
• McCormack, A. (1993): VISTA: Visual Spatial Thinking Activities, San Diego State University fdm. March.
• National Curriculum (2005): Developments in Science in Teaching, London, Open Books.
• National Education Association (NEA) (2007): Understanding the Indoor Environment Movement of Air, Maind Map Activity, Lesson 7 Movement of Air Maind Map Activity, http://www.epa.Gov/iaq/schools/actionkit.html.
• Nemirovsky, R. And Tracy, N. (1997): On Mathematical Visualization and the place where we live, Educational studiesin mathematics, 33(2) July, pp. 99-131.
• Oldfather, P. et a l .(1994):Drawing the Circle Collaborative Mind Mapping as a Process for developing a constructivist teacher perception program, Teacher Education Quality, 21(3) pp 15-26.
• Plough, J.M. (2004): Students using Visual Thinking to Learn Science in a Web-Based Environment, Ph. D., Drexel University.
• Poision, (2004):
• Rayan, Mohammed Hashem (2006): Teaching Strategies for Developing Thinking and Training Facts, Teacher's Guide to Teaching and Learning, Cairo, Al-Falah Library for Publishing and Distribution. (In Arabic).
• Rotta, A. (2004): All Students Can learn All students Can Succeed, Alexandria, VA: ASC.
• Rusevic, A.R. (1997): Development of a performance based assessment of visual thinking for talented middle grade student D.A.I. 57(7), January, 2869A.
• Talah, Azhar Abdel Moneim Mohamed (2013): the work of the hemispheres of the brain using mental maps in the development of historical thinking skills and the tendency towards the material for the pupils of the preparatory stage, Journal of Reading and Knowledge, the Egyptian Association for Reading and Knowledge, No. 136, pp. 54-74. (In Arabic).
• Talbot, W.D. et al. (1997): A Course of Study for Art is Elementary (Teaching Visual Thinking through Art Concepts) K-6 Guides-Classroom-Teacher, ERIC, Ed210236.
• Trevino, C. (2005): Mind Mapping and Outlining: Comparing two Types of Graphic Organizers for Learning Seventh-Grade Life Science Ph.D., Faculty of Texas Tech University, May.
• Victor, R. & Valqui, V. (2006): Informatics and Mathematical Modeling, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol (174) Oct. 1348-1349.
• Wolfe, P. & Brandt, R. (1999): What do we Know from Brain Research?, Educational Leadership, 56(3), 8-13.
• Wycoff, J. (2000): Mind Mapping Techniques and Practical Applications, Visual Thinking Executive Power Tool 4. htm.
• Zaytoun, Kamal Abdel Hamid (2001): A Critical Analysis of the Theory of Brain-Based Learning and its Implications in Science Teaching, Egyptian Association for Scientific Education, Fifth Scientific Conference, Scientific Education for Citizenship, Arab Academy for Science and Technology (In Arabic).
Ziad, Mosaad Mohamed (2005): Teaching concepts. http://www.drmosad.com/index91.htm (In Arabic).
• Zumback, J. (2008): The Role of Graphical and Text Based Argumentation tools in hypermedia tool, Article in Press, Comptuer in Human Behaviour, Unviersity of Salzburg, Austria, Aug 6.
• Zyryanova, N. M. (1998): Twin Study of IQ and Visual Thinking in Children Psychological Institute of RAE, Moscow, Russia, 1. Http://allserv. rug.ac.be/~ivanmerv/ecp8095.html.
• Ahmed, Naima Hassan, Abdul Karim, Sahar Mohammed (2001): the impact of mathematical logic and teaching visual-spatial entrance on patterns of learning and thinking and the development of spatial ability and the achievement of second-grade preparatory students in science, the fifth scientific conference, scientific education for citizenship, Egypt, (2) Pp. 525—577 (In Arabic).
• Ahmed, Osama Abdel-Rahman (2010): the effectiveness of a constructivist-based program using blended learning in teaching social studies on the development of geographic concepts, visual thinking and life skills of deaf students in the preparatory stage, Ph.D (In Arabic).
• Al-Binali, Adnanah (1996): The extent of the students of the preparatory stage of the concepts of social studies and its relationship with their gender and the geographical location of their schools and the experience of their teachers and the educational level of parents, Journal of Studies in Curricula and Teaching Methods, p 39 (In Arabic) .
• Al-Harthy, Ibrahim (2002): Mental habits and development among pupils, Riyadh, Al-Shuqri Library. (In Arabic).
• Al-Jabri, Amira Abdel-Hamid (2007): The relationship between the density of elements in illustrations and their backgrounds and the growth of visual perception of environmental concepts in preschool children, unpublished master thesis, Faculty of Education, Helwan University. (In Arabic).
• Al-Khazindar, Nayla Najeeb, Mahdi, Hassan Ribhi (2006): The Effectiveness of a Website on Visual and Organizational Thinking in Multimedia among Students of the Faculty of Education at Al-Aqsa University, Egyptian Association for Curricula and Teaching Methods, Eighteenth Scientific Conference Hospitality, Ain Shams University, 25: 26/7, pp. 621-645. (In Arabic).
• Anderson, O.R. (1997): Aneuro Cognitive Perspective of Current Learning Theory and Science Instructional Strategies, Science Education, 81, 67-89.
• Angelique, C. (2000): Problem Based Science Learning in a Mixed Ability Classroom that includes Gifted and Talented Children, M.S.U Tah-Stat University
• Aydin, A. B. (2009): Prepared Map and Concept Mind, Technolgically supported, the subjects of unit social and systems in our body by students, Procedia, Behavioral Sciences, 1(1) 2842.
• Baggett, P.V. (2009): Student Representation of Art Concepts through Mind Maps: University of South, Alabama, National Art Education Association, Ph.D., April 20.
• Bayer, Barry K. (1994): Investigation in Social StudiesStrategic Teaching, Translation by Sulaiman Mohammed Al-Jabr, Riyadh, Obeikan Library (In Arabic).
• Beyer, B. (2003): Improving Student Thinking, The Clearing House, 71(5) 262-267.
• Brown, H. D.(1989): Prhnciples of language learning and teaching, New Jersey, Prentice-hall.
• Buzan, T.(1994): The Mind Map Book How to use Radiant Thinking to Maximize Your Brains Untapped Potential, Dutton Book, Penguin Group.
• Buzan, T.(2000): Visual Thinking: Executive Power Tool of the 21 th Century, Innovation Tools Artcle-Visual Thinking, Executive Power Tool 4,htm.
• Buzan, Tony (2006a): Use your mind, translation of Jarir Bookstore, i 6, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony (2006b): Using Mind Maps at Work, Translation of Jarir Bookstore, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony (2007): Maps of Mind, Jarir Bookstore Translation, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony (2008): How to draw a mind map, translation of Jarir Bookstore, 3rd floor, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic).
• Buzan, Tony, Buzan, Barry (2010): Map of the Mind, translation of Jarir Bookstore, 6th Floor, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic). Busan, Tony (2009): Use your memory, translation of Jarir Bookstore, Riyadh, Jarir Bookstore. (In Arabic).
• Cambell, J. (2010): Theorizing Habits of Mind as a Framework for Learning, http://www.aare.edu.au106pap/cam06102.pdf.
• Chaill, M. & Fonteyn, M. (1998): Using Mind Mapping to Improve Students Metacognition (Book) Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professions, Joy Higgs, Mark A. Jones 217-220.
• Coll, R. et al. (2009): Scientists' Habits of Mind as Evidenced By the Interaction between their Science Training and Religious Beliefs, International Journal of Science Education, 31(6), 725-755.
• Coombs, C. P. (2001): Reflective Practice Developing Habits of Mind, Ph.D. Toronto Canada.
• Costa, A. & Kallick, B. (2000): Activating and Engaging Habits of Mind, Association for supervision and curriculum development, Alexandria, Virginia.
• Costa, A. (2001): Developing Minds: A Resource Book of Teaching Thinking, Third Edition, Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
• Costa, A. and Kallick, B. (2009): Habits of Mind Across the curriculum Practical and Creative Strategies for Teachers, Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, Alexandria, Virginia, U.S.A.
• Cunningham, G.E. (2005): Mind Mapping: its Effects on Student Achievement in high school Biology, Faculty of the Graduate School, University of Texas, Ph.D., Austin UMI Number: 3215351 Proquest.
• Elise, M. et al.(1997): Promoting Social and Emotional learning, Alexandria, VA: Association for supervision and curriculum Development.
• Evrekli, E. et al. (2009): Mind Mapping Applications in Special Teaching Methods Courses for Science Teacher Candidates and Teacher Candidates Opinions Concerning the Applications, A Faculty of Buca Education, Dokuz Eylul University, turkey, January, 2274-2279. www.sciencedirect.com.
• Ganguly, I. (1995): Scientific thinking is in the Mind's Eye, Reports Evaluative, Speeches, Meeting Papers, ERIC ED391504.
• Goldenberg, E.P. (1996): Habits of Mind as an Organizer for the Curriculum, Journal of Education, 78(1).
• Hamada, Fayza Ahmed (2006): The use of educational computer games to develop the achievement and visual thinking in mathematics among primary school students, Educational Journal, Faculty of Education, Qena, South Valley University, No. 22, January. (In Arabic).
• Hamada, Mohamed Mahmoud (2009): Effectiveness of Visual Thinking Networks in Developing Visual Thinking Skills and Ability to Solve and Solve Verbal Problems in Mathematics and Towards Solving them for Fifth Grade Students, Egyptian Association for Curriculum and Instruction, Studies in Curriculum and Instruction, No. 146, May. (In Arabic).
• Hamida, Fatima Ibrahim (1996): Social Objectives, Content and Teaching Strategies, Cairo, Egyptian Renaissance Library. (In Arabic).
• Hamida, Imam Mokhtar Hamida (1990): Using Time Charts in Developing the Concept of Time for First Preparatory Students, Journal of Studies in Curricula and Teaching Methods, Egyptian Association for Curriculum and Instruction, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, p. 8. (In Arabic).
• Hammad, Adel Rasmi, Ahmed, Ahmed Zarey, Swify, Mahmoud Anwar, Mohamed, Taher Mahmoud (2017): The Effectiveness of Animation-Based Program in Teaching History to Develop Visual Thinking Skills for Preparatory Students, Journal of the Faculty of Education, Assiut University, Vol. 33, No. 3, May, pp. 162--190. (In Arabic).
• Harkirat, S. et al. (2010): Constructivist-Visual Mind Map Teaching Approach and the Quality of Student's Cognitive Structures. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 20(2), 186-200.
• Hassan, Mohamed Abdel Ghani (2007): Accelerated Learning Skills, Cairo, Dar Al Ketab Al Arabi. (In Arabic).
• Hossam El-Din, Laila Abdullah (2008): The Effectiveness of the Strategy of "Beginning, Response, Evaluation" in Developing the Achievement and Habits of Mind among First Grade Students in Science, Egyptian Society for Scientific Education, 12th Scientific Conference, Scientific Education and Social Reality, Influence And Impact, Guest House, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 2-4 / 8, pp. 1 - 40. (In Arabic).
• Hyerle, D. (1999): Visual Tools and Technologies, New York, Designs for Thinking.
• Ibrahim, Khairy (1996): Social subjects in the educational curricula between theory and practice, Alexandria, University of Knowledge (In Arabic).
• Ibrahim, Magdy Aziz (2002): Effective Teaching and Management Skills, Cairo, Anglo-Egyptian Library (In Arabic).
• Ismail, N. et al. (2010): The effects of Mind Mapping with Cooperative learning on programming performance Problem solving Skill and meta computer Science student's Journal of Educational Computing Research, 42(1) 35-61.
• Jawdat, Abdul Salam, Hilal, Mays Oraibi (2015): The Effectiveness of Mental Map Strategies and Self-Questioning in the Achievement of Fifth Grade Literary Students in the History of Modern and Contemporary Europe and America, Journal of the College of Basic Education for Educational and Human Sciences, No. 19, pp. 703-719 . (In Arabic).
• Jensen, E. (2000): Brain-Based Learning, Academic Press Inc., Alexandria Virginia.
• Jones, B. et al. (2012): The effects of Mind Mapping Activities on Student's Motivation' International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 6(1) 1-21.
• Khalaf, Yahia Attia (1991): The Effect of History Course in General Secondary School and Developed School on Students' Achievement of Historical Concepts in Saudi Arabia, Volumes of the Third Scientific Conference of the Egyptian Association for Curricula and Teaching Methods, Alexandria, Vol. 3. (In Arabic).
• Khalil, Ibrahim Fadel (2010): Introduction to General Teaching Methods, Dar Ibn Al Atheer, Iraq, Mosul. (In Arabic).
• Klausemier, H.J. & Sipple, T. (1980): Learning and Teaching Concepts, New York Academic Press, in Robert Marzano et al. ASCD, Virginia.
• Leonidas et al. (2007): Creativity Development in Engineering Education: The Case of Mind Mapping, Journal of Management Development, 26(4); 370- 380.
• Ling, L.L. (2006): Using a Computer-Based Multimedia Culture Mind Map as an Instructional Module for EFL Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary: the effect on Student Achievement-Among College Freshmen in Taiwa, Idaho State University, Proquest, AAT 3231710.
• Maeckelbergh, A.F. (2006): The Creation of an Organization Development Visual Reference Tool, doctoral of Education Unviersity of St. Thomas, Saint Paul, Minnesota, December, Proquest, UMI Number (3240303).
• Marzano, R.J. (2000): Transforming Classroom Grading, Alexandria, VA: ASC.
• McCormack, A. (1993): VISTA: Visual Spatial Thinking Activities, San Diego State University fdm. March.
• National Curriculum (2005): Developments in Science in Teaching, London, Open Books.
• National Education Association (NEA) (2007): Understanding the Indoor Environment Movement of Air, Maind Map Activity, Lesson 7 Movement of Air Maind Map Activity, http://www.epa.Gov/iaq/schools/actionkit.html.
• Nemirovsky, R. And Tracy, N. (1997): On Mathematical Visualization and the place where we live, Educational studiesin mathematics, 33(2) July, pp. 99-131.
• Oldfather, P. et a l .(1994):Drawing the Circle Collaborative Mind Mapping as a Process for developing a constructivist teacher perception program, Teacher Education Quality, 21(3) pp 15-26.
• Plough, J.M. (2004): Students using Visual Thinking to Learn Science in a Web-Based Environment, Ph. D., Drexel University.
• Poision, (2004):
• Rayan, Mohammed Hashem (2006): Teaching Strategies for Developing Thinking and Training Facts, Teacher's Guide to Teaching and Learning, Cairo, Al-Falah Library for Publishing and Distribution. (In Arabic).
• Rotta, A. (2004): All Students Can learn All students Can Succeed, Alexandria, VA: ASC.
• Rusevic, A.R. (1997): Development of a performance based assessment of visual thinking for talented middle grade student D.A.I. 57(7), January, 2869A.
• Talah, Azhar Abdel Moneim Mohamed (2013): the work of the hemispheres of the brain using mental maps in the development of historical thinking skills and the tendency towards the material for the pupils of the preparatory stage, Journal of Reading and Knowledge, the Egyptian Association for Reading and Knowledge, No. 136, pp. 54-74. (In Arabic).
• Talbot, W.D. et al. (1997): A Course of Study for Art is Elementary (Teaching Visual Thinking through Art Concepts) K-6 Guides-Classroom-Teacher, ERIC, Ed210236.
• Trevino, C. (2005): Mind Mapping and Outlining: Comparing two Types of Graphic Organizers for Learning Seventh-Grade Life Science Ph.D., Faculty of Texas Tech University, May.
• Victor, R. & Valqui, V. (2006): Informatics and Mathematical Modeling, European Journal of Operational Research, Vol (174) Oct. 1348-1349.
• Wolfe, P. & Brandt, R. (1999): What do we Know from Brain Research?, Educational Leadership, 56(3), 8-13.
• Wycoff, J. (2000): Mind Mapping Techniques and Practical Applications, Visual Thinking Executive Power Tool 4. htm.
• Zaytoun, Kamal Abdel Hamid (2001): A Critical Analysis of the Theory of Brain-Based Learning and its Implications in Science Teaching, Egyptian Association for Scientific Education, Fifth Scientific Conference, Scientific Education for Citizenship, Arab Academy for Science and Technology (In Arabic).
Ziad, Mosaad Mohamed (2005): Teaching concepts. http://www.drmosad.com/index91.htm (In Arabic).
• Zumback, J. (2008): The Role of Graphical and Text Based Argumentation tools in hypermedia tool, Article in Press, Comptuer in Human Behaviour, Unviersity of Salzburg, Austria, Aug 6.
• Zyryanova, N. M. (1998): Twin Study of IQ and Visual Thinking in Children Psychological Institute of RAE, Moscow, Russia, 1. Http://allserv. rug.ac.be/~ivanmerv/ecp8095.html.
Published
2020-06-15
How to Cite
Rezq, I. (2020). The effectiveness of mental mapping strategy in developing historical concepts, visual thinking and some habits of mind among fourth grade primary school students. International Journal of Research in Educational Sciences., 3(3), 425 -498. Retrieved from https://iafh.net/index.php/IJRES/article/view/219
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Copyright (c) 2020 Ibrahim Abdulfattah Rezq
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